city-generation/Game/Assets/Scripts/Generator/TerrainEroder.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using TransportGame.Business;
using TransportGame.Model;

namespace TransportGame.Generator
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Simulates water erosion
    /// </summary>
    public class TerrainEroder
    {
        #region Constants

        /// <summary> Direction vector (X)</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// In order: Center, North, North-East, East, South-East, South, South-West, West, North-West
        /// </remarks>
        readonly static private int[] DirectionsX = { 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1 };

        /// <summary> Direction vector (Y)</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// In order: Center, North, North-East, East, South-East, South, South-West, West, North-West
        /// </remarks>
        readonly static private int[] DirectionsY = { 0, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1 };

        #endregion

        #region Public properties
        
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the terrain to erode
        /// </summary>
        public Map Terrain { get; private set; }
        
        #endregion

        protected int SpringCount { get { return ConfigurationManager.TerrGenConfig.ErodePoints; } }
        protected int IterationCount { get { return ConfigurationManager.TerrGenConfig.ErodeIterations; } }
        protected float ErosionAmount { get { return ConfigurationManager.TerrGenConfig.ErodeAmountPercent; } }

        #region Private variables

        private Random random = new Random();
        private float[,] water;
        private int[] springsX;
        private int[] springsY;

        #endregion

        public TerrainEroder(Map terrain)
        {
            this.Terrain = terrain;
        }

        public void Erode()
        {
            Initialize();
            GenerateSprings();

            for (int i = 0; i < IterationCount; i++)
                NextIteration();
        }

        private void Initialize()
        {
            // Initialize matrices
            water = new float[Terrain.Width, Terrain.Height];
        }

        private void GenerateSprings()
        {
            // Step 1: Generate random points, which will be the water springs
            springsX = new int[SpringCount];
            springsY = new int[SpringCount];

            for (int i = 0; i < SpringCount; i++)
            {
                springsX[i] = random.Next(0, Terrain.Width);
                springsY[i] = random.Next(0, Terrain.Height);
            }

            // Step 2: Find local maximums, where the springs are placed
            bool changed;
            int iterations = 100;

            do
            {
                changed = false;
                for (int i = 0; i < SpringCount; i++)
                {
                    // Find best neighbour
                    float maxHeight = Terrain[springsX[i], springsY[i]];
                    int maxDir = 0;

                    ForEachDirection(springsX[i], springsY[i], (dx, dy, dir) =>
                        {
                            if (Terrain[dx, dy] >= maxHeight)
                            {
                                maxHeight = Terrain[dx, dy];
                                maxDir = dir;
                            }
                        });
                    
                    if (maxDir > 0)
                    {
                        springsX[i] += DirectionsX[maxDir];
                        springsY[i] += DirectionsY[maxDir];
                        changed = true;
                    }
                }

                --iterations;
            } while (changed && iterations > 0);
        }

        private void NextIteration()
        {
            Step1_RainAndErode();
            Step2_MoveWater();
            Step3_Evaporate();
        }

        private void Step1_RainAndErode()
        {
            // Springs generate a lot of water
            for (int i = 0; i < SpringCount; i++)
                water[springsX[i], springsY[i]] += 100f;

            // Rain in the rest of the terrain
            for (int x = 0; x < Terrain.Width; x++)
                for (int y = 0; y < Terrain.Height; y++)
                {
                    water[x, y] += 1f;

                    // Erode some terrain
                    Terrain[x, y] -= ErosionAmount * water[x, y];
                }
        }

        private void Step2_MoveWater()
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < Terrain.Width; x++)
                for (int y = 0; y < Terrain.Height; y++)
                {
                    List<int> directions = new List<int>();

                    // Find relevant directions
                    ForEachDirection(x, y, (dx, dy, dir) =>
                        {
                            if (Level(x, y) > Level(dx, dy))
                                directions.Add(dir);
                        });

                    // Order directions by level
                    directions.Sort((dir1, dir2) =>
                        {
                            float level1 = Level(x + DirectionsX[dir1], y + DirectionsY[dir1]);
                            float level2 = Level(x + DirectionsX[dir2], y + DirectionsY[dir2]);

                            return Convert.ToInt32(100 * (level1 - level2));
                        });

                    // Distribute water
                    for (int dirIndex = 0; dirIndex < directions.Count; dirIndex++)
                    {
                        int dir = directions[dirIndex];

                        // We distribute all the water equally to cells from 
                        // directions 0..dir.
                        float distributeAmount = water[x, y] / (dirIndex + 1);

                        // If the resulting level is higher than the level of the next direction,
                        // we only add the level difference
                        if (dirIndex < directions.Count - 1)
                        {
                            int dx = x + DirectionsX[dir], dy = y + DirectionsY[dir];
                            int dx1 = x + DirectionsX[directions[dirIndex + 1]], dy1 = y + DirectionsY[directions[dirIndex + 1]];

                            distributeAmount = Math.Min(distributeAmount, Level(dx1, dy1) - Level(dx, dy));
                        }

                        // Distribute water & sediment
                        for (int dirDistribIndex = 0; dirDistribIndex < dirIndex; dirDistribIndex++)
                        {
                            int dirDistrib = directions[dirDistribIndex];
                            water[x + DirectionsX[dirDistrib], y + DirectionsY[dirDistrib]] += distributeAmount;
                        }

                        // Subtract from current cell
                        water[x, y] -= distributeAmount * (dirIndex + 1);
                    }
                }
        }

        private void Step3_Evaporate()
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < Terrain.Width; x++)
                for (int y = 0; y < Terrain.Height; y++)
                {
                    // Some sediment deposits
                    Terrain[x, y] += water[x, y] * ErosionAmount;

                    // Water evaporates
                    water[x, y] *= .5f;
                }
        }

        private void ForEachDirection(int x, int y, Action<int, int, int> action)
        {
            for (int dir = 1; dir < DirectionsX.Length; dir++)
            {
                int dx = x + DirectionsX[dir];
                int dy = y + DirectionsY[dir];

                if (Terrain.IsInside(dx, dy))
                    action(dx, dy, dir);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the soil + water level
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="x">x coordinate</param>
        /// <param name="y">y coordinate</param>
        /// <returns>level</returns>
        private float Level(int x, int y)
        {
            return Terrain[x, y] + water[x, y];
        }
    }
}